I am sure there are restrictions.
If the race has a USATF sanction, use of the logo may be justified. I am not sure whether the race having a certified course makes use of the logo OK.
If the race has no connection with USATF, use of their logo would seem unjustified.
The above is merely my opinion. USATF can give their answers. Try them out at their web page:
http://www.usatf.org/There is probably a way to ask them the question.
In my experience plenty of races use the logo when they shouldn't, without negative consequences.