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OK, this question is part theoretical, part practical.

We all know that a straight out & back course, with a common start/finish line, has Zero separation. But what about courses that go out and return on a slightly different line? For instance, a course goes out on Fifth St., turns right for one block on Avenue A, then returns on Fourth St. to a finish line exactly even with the start. Or, like a course I measured last week on an abandoned airplane runway, makes an elongated "U" shape?

If we follow the rules of geometry, which state that a line extends infinitely in either direction,, the "separated" start and finish lines actually overlap, and there would be Zero separation. Practically speaking, we know that isn't the case, but how does one determine the actual separation? Measure from the center of each line, or the nearest (or farthest) ends? Depending on the width of the lines (and the start could be as wide at the toll plaza at the Verrazano Bridge) the answer could vary significantly.

Just something to ponder on a hot July day. Opinions appreciated.
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Good question, Jim. I too, have been thinking about this. Lately, I have started to identify a point instead of a line for the start and the finish. The point is the intersection of the measured tangent and a line 90 degrees to this tangent that marks the certified distance. This is what I am identifying on my maps now. Knowing these points should, I believe, provide the necessary data to establish accurate separation.

Contrary/different opinions welcome.
I think the separation would be measured by a line between the two closest points-- i.e. between where a runner could line up on the starting line and be as close as possible to the finish line, and where a runner could finish and be as close as possible to the start line.

Jim, I'm glad your runway is an abandoned one. Measuring a course at Dulles International they give you just 90 minutes closure at a time-- and that's if the FAA doesn't overrule the closure because they want to get one more flight in, etc.
On the plus side you are usually guaranteed to get in a good workout as you try to finish things up in that time!
Looks like you've deliberately drawn "unfair" start and finish lines, right? Should be arc of a circle centered on those corners.

Does raise a question that is occasionally interesting: how should a start or finish line be drawn? For most courses I would hope a line perpendicular to the road direction would be fine. But a turn too close to start or finish would require something else. Like the "waterfall" start of a 1600 meter or longer track race.
Mark, are you trying to take over my job as RRTC Devil's Advocate? Wink
Seriously, I think Bob's solution is probably the best. Most finish lines aren't that wide, limited by the physical constraints of timing hardware. The start is a different story, although usually limited to the width of the road. So closest to closest seems reasonable.
The separation is measured for record purposes. Courses with a separation of 50% or less are record eligible. To be safe, and prevent second guessing, why not measure the maximum possible separation and use that value.

If the maximum separation is on the border of 50%, and records are likely, then you may want to adjust the start and finish to fit the 50% separation.

Thank you. -- Justin
I measured a similar situation last weekend.

My course started in the westbound lanes of a bridge, and finished in the eastbound lanes. The lanes were separated by a concrete barrier. There was an expansion joint that ran across the entire bridge. Start and Finish were on the expansion joint.

I used the point on each the Start and Finish line which was at the SPR for the particular line. To me, that would be the best way to determine separation. I believe my method is the same as Lyman's. Determine a point on the SPR that is on the endline of the course.

By the way, I think this is a moot point for 99.9% of our courses. In the rare situations that we have somewhere close to a 50% separation, our measurement process is nowhere near precise. We measure points on a satellite image, or points on a topo map. Neither is really accurate to less than 10 feet. That 10 feet can easily be the difference between 50$ and 49.9%. In one case the course is record-eligible. In the other, it is not eligible. Killing gnats with a sledgehammer. I agree with Gene.

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