Sorry I missed the early discussion on this topic. I have queried my certifier about it, but we didnt' discuss in-depth.
How about:
As a measurer (RaceMeasure is my business name), I proactively copyright each of my maps, including a copyright bug on each. (As Stu indicated, each map is inherently copyrighted, but including the bug publicly indicates you intend to keep the rights to that map.) I own the copyright, not the race. Anyone using the map obtained from any source - USATF site, RaceMeasure.com site, or the contracting race's site - and covering or replacing the name of the contracting race, is subject to copyright infringement penalties, if I care to pursue. Included in the copyright info on the map would be contact info for the measurer if someone else wants to use the course.
Then, if someone else wants to use the course, I can request a licensing fee of whatever - say, $75 - and send that to the entity that contracted to have the course certified to begin with. That way, they recover some of their investment in the certification.
I also agree that ideally, USATF would not sanction a race on a poached course. But to enforce, USATF would have to require a letter of permission from the original course "owner", or the measurer. Not practical in any permutation. In Denver, we have a few courses that many entities use. The certification was paid for by one, but used by many, as the courses are within the boundaries of city parks, and are good places for races.
USATF would not know about a "poached" course unless a record was set. Then, the poachers would have to pay for the validation, possibly? If someone submitted a poached map for certification, they woulnd't have the supporting paperwork relating to measurement, so the course could not be certified to them, anyhow.
Thoughts?